Abstract            Volume:14  Issue-3  Year-2026         Original Research Articles

Online ISSN : 2347 - 3215 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcret@gmail.com

Nanotechnology refers to manipulating physical matter at length scales typically below 100 nm, which has become a disruptive scientific field with applications throughout the areas of medicine and health care, agriculture, electronics, environmental science, and materials engineering. Improvements in nanomaterials and nanoscale devices allow for enhanced performance in targeted delivery of pharmaceuticals. Nanosensors facilitate real-time monitoring of environmental pollutants, 'smart' packaging, and implementation of sustainable or green agricultural practices. The use of engineered nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery protocols are becoming increasingly possible for specific types of disease, as well as imaging of diseases prior to the use of traditional diagnosis methods (e.g., MRI). Additionally, nanosensors enable detection of environmental pollutants in real time while providing continual (and automatic) feedback to research facilities and the public about the condition of their surrounding air and water. Finally, the inclusion of nano-enabled agricultural inputs (e.g., nanofertilizers and nanopesticides) into agriculture are expected to increase crop yield while simultaneously reducing the number of chemical residues left in the ecosystem. Other innovations demonstrate the fast pace of innovation in this industry, such as the production of uniform metal nanoparticles for disease diagnosis and quantum AI technology for identifying gene mutations in humans. This review provides a snapshot of the current applications and trends, but also offers information on some key issues facing the industry, such as potential toxicity concerns, environmental dangers, and a need for a regulatory framework to ensure that nanotechnology can be implemented safely.

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