Abstract            Volume:10  Issue-7  Year-2022         Original Research Articles

Online ISSN : 2347 - 3215 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcret@gmail.com

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the commonly grown grain crops and remains a source of staple food and food security for most countries in Africa. However, in recent decades the natural system of maize production by farmers has been influenced by severity of climatic changes. Climatic change is the biggest threat for experts, scientists and higher governmental leaders. This issue is dramatically increasing due to rise causes of global green house gas emitted from industries and intensive agricultural. Different crop models reported that at the end of this century, the atmosphere and oceans have warmed and the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, the sea level has risen, and the concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased. The world’s average temperature will rise by 4-6°C, which may make maize un productive if there is no intervention. The production zone for maize is projected to decrease due to the rise in temperature and rainfall variability. Maize performs well in a range of agro ecological settings, but is highly responsive to water availability and temperature. This review showed that new areas increased by 1.3–2.5% in Northern Ethiopia, Eastern and Southern Africa whereas suitable maize cultivation areas in Central and Western Africa may reduce by 1.2–1.4% and in some cases even a complete loss of cultivable land that are suitable for maize production especially, surround the Sahara Desert and the coastal areas of Angola. Suggested IPCC (2007), rice yield will reduce by 10% when the temperature increases by 10 ^o C and thus, it is estimated that by 2050 rice yield will be reduced by, at least, 10%, maize yield will be reduced 3-6%. Therefore, agronomic practices such as convectional tillage, intercropping, climate smart agriculture and soil conservation practices the best option for sustaining maize production and mitigating the direct and indirect impacts of climatic changes. Since climate change is an inevitable phenomenon, policy makers should introduce adaptation measures to sustain the economic growth observed in the last few years.

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