Abstract            Volume:8  Issue-7  Year-2020         Original Research Articles

Online ISSN : 2347 - 3215 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcret@gmail.com

Shigella is a non-motile, rod shaped, nonspore forming, and non-lactose fermenting facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium that causes bacillary dysentery or also known as shigellosis. It is endemic throughout the world and it is among the most common causes of bacterial diarrheal diseases. Globally, it is estimated that shigellosis causes about 1,100,000 deaths per year, two-thirds of the patients being children under 5 years of age. The disease is transmitted faeco-orally, the commonest modes being person-to-person contact and contaminated food and water. Infected food handlers can spread the disease Flies can breed in infected faeces and contaminate food. It is a disease of overcrowding, insanitary conditions and poor personal hygiene, and affects mostly children of developing countries. The treatment of Shigellosis has currently become more challenging due to the emergence of drug resistant species and associated with a variety of biological, pharmacological and societal variables with the worst combinations in low and middle income countries. Multidrug-resistant Shigella significantly varies from area to area of the world in relation with the practice of widespread use of antimicrobial agents. There is an increasing burden of Shigella infection and Shigella is becoming resistance to the commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs in Ethiopia like chloramphenicol, Amoxicillin and tetracycline. Therefore, initiating and scale up of performing drug susceptibility test for each shigellosis case, create awareness and educate the community.

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