Abstract            Volume:14  Issue-4  Year-2026         Original Research Articles

Online ISSN : 2347 - 3215 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcret@gmail.com

The increasing limitations of conventional synthetic polymers, including their low biodegradability, potential toxicity and incompatibility with natural fibers, have created an urgent need for safer and more sustainable alternatives in textile conservation. In this context, bio-based materials derived from renewable resources have gained significant attention as innovative solutions. This review brings together current knowledge on a wide range of bio-based polymers, examining their fundamental properties, functional performance and suitability for conservation applications. Materials such as bacterial cellulose, silk fibroin, chitosan, gelatin, nanocellulose, alginate, lignin-based compounds and soy protein are discussed in detail, with emphasis on characteristics like mechanical strength, biocompatibility, transparency, antimicrobial activity and reversibility, which are essential for preserving delicate textile artifacts. The paper further highlights the diverse applications of these materials, including reinforcement of weakened fabrics, development of protective coatings, formulation of eco-friendly adhesives, gentle cleaning systems, dye stabilization and moisture regulation. These materials not only provide improved compatibility with historic textiles but also contribute to environmentally responsible conservation practices by reducing reliance on hazardous chemicals. Despite their advantages, certain challenges such as high production costs, sensitivity to moisture, durability concerns and lack of standardized methodologies remain. However, ongoing advancements in hybrid materials, surface modification techniques and sustainable processing approaches are expected to address these limitations. Overall, bio-based materials are emerging as key contributors to the future of textile conservation, offering a balanced approach that integrates scientific innovation with environmental sustainability.

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