Abstract            Volume:13  Issue-8  Year-2025         Original Research Articles

Online ISSN : 2347 - 3215 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcret@gmail.com

Medicinal plants form the foundation of both traditional and modern healthcare systems owing to their ability to produce diverse bioactive compounds with significant therapeutic potential. The biosynthesis and accumulation of these metabolites are governed by complex physiological and biochemical processes that regulate both primary and secondary metabolism. Key physiological activities such as photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, and nutrient assimilation not only sustain plant growth and development but also strongly influence the synthesis of pharmacologically active secondary metabolites including flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolics. Plant growth regulators (PGRs)—such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid—play pivotal roles in modulating these physiological and metabolic pathways by mediating stress responses, cell differentiation, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Moreover, environmental and abiotic factors such as light, temperature, water availability and nutrient status further interact with PGR signaling networks, thereby shaping the metabolic outcomes and therapeutic quality of medicinal plants. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding the physiological and hormonal regulation of bioactive compound production in medicinal plants, emphasizing the integration of metabolism, environmental adaptation, and signaling mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of these processes can guide the development of improved cultivation practices, biotechnological interventions, and metabolic engineering strategies for the sustainable enhancement of medicinal plant resources.

Download this article as