Abstract            Volume:13  Issue-6  Year-2025         Original Research Articles

Online ISSN : 2347 - 3215 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcret@gmail.com

Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is essential protozoal diseases in many parts of Africa. Because it retards economic progress by affecting both human and animal. The diseases in human is caused by two species of Trypanosoma genus. These species are; Trypanosomes brucie gambiense (T,b.g.) which causes classical sleeping sickness(chronic disease) in Western Africa and the second species is Trypanosoma brucie rhodensiense (T.b.r), which causes accelerated (acute) sleeping sickness in Eastern Africa. Tsetse flies of Glossina species are vector of this disease. They also cause diseases to animal and called Trypanozoon. Epidemiologically, HAT is limited to Tsetse fly infested areas of Africa between 15?N and 20?S latitudies. Prevalence of diseases is different in different countries of Africa. Trypanosomes Undergo different morphological changes during their developmental stages in their life cycle both in vector and host before being infective stage. Depending on site of infection, diseases have different stages. Chancre, stage I and stage II (CNS) stage. Based on clinical feature, different diagnostic activities are conducted for confirmative diagnosis and to recommend successful treatment for patient. Treatment of HAT depends on stage of diseases and type of Trypanosoma species involved and also age of patients. Prevention and control programmes are strategic plan to eradicate both vector and parasites.

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