Abstract            Volume:11  Issue-12  Year-2023         Original Research Articles

Online ISSN : 2347 - 3215 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcret@gmail.com

Seed treatment is the application of physical, chemical, or biological agents to seeds prior to sowing in order to suppress, control or repel pests. One of the advantages of seed treatment is that, it breaks and prevents seed dormancy. Seed dormancy and germination are strongly influenced by phytohormones, which are highly dependent on plant growth regulator levels. This paper reviewed the most common seed treatments used for crop field establishment. Seed treatment technology relies on pre-sowing physiological, biological and chemical seed treatments. Under light environmental conditions, seed treated with (phytohormones, Gibberellic acid (GA), Benzyiladenine (BA), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) germination rate was higher than under dark conditions. GA increased germination percentage by 53 and 42% under light and dark conditions respectively, when compared to non-primed treatment. Similarly, seed primed with KNO3 increased germination percentages by 44 and 33% under light and dark environmental conditions respectively. Trichoderma is effective in enhancing crop growth and physiological processes. Seed treated with hot water (physical seed treatment) provides effective control of seed-borne fungal infections and improves seed germination. This paper reviewed various pre-sowing seed treatment methods widely used to improve crop germination, growth and field establishment.

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